Vessel navigable in water, air, or both



C. A. JAMES.

VESSEL NAVIGABLE m WATER, AIR, 0R BOTH.

I APPLICATION FILED SEPT. 10. i919.

1,331,925, latened P630024, 1920.

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I VESSEL NAVIGABLE IN WATER, AIR, 'OR BOTH.

APPUCATION FILED SEPT. 10. 1919.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2.

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To 'all whom it may'concern: V 7

"Be it knownfthat I, Ciaanmas ALF ED JAMES, a. subject of the King ofGreatiBritfain, residingat 148 Upper Claptonroa'd,

(E. 5,) London, England, have'inventednew and useful Improvements inVessels Navigable in Water, Air, or "Both, ofwliich'the following isaspecification.

My inv ention' relatesv to an "improved boat or vessel which isnavigable in the water or partly in the waterand partly in the air andwhich undercerta in circumstances may be caused to rise off the waterand float wholly in the air, the object of my invention being to providea vessel capable of attaining a greater speed than can be obtained withves-r sels as heretofore constructed.

The hull of my improved boat somewhat resembles that of a flat bottomedboat heretofore proposed having a continuously and practically uniformlyincreasing draft from the water level toward the bow to a maximum at thestern.

According to my invention, however, the fiat bottom of the boat isextended upward above the water line for a large proportion of thelength of the vessel, the bow or stem of the vessel is considerablyabove the water level, whereby as the boat is propelled reaction takesplace between the immersed portion of-the bottom and the water andbetween the unimmersed portion of the bottom and the air, the unitedreactions tending to lift the boat and thereby reduce the immersion andconsequent water friction. Furthermore the sides of the hull graduallydiverge from the stern toward the bow which is the widest part of thevessel. 1

As the-speed of the boat increases the reaction of the air and wateragainstthe inclined bottom will tend to increase the inclination of thelatter to the horizontal, and diminish thev area of immersion wherebywith a sufiiciently light boat and the necessary power the boat can bepractically lifted out of the water and even in some cases en-Specification ofLetters Patent. Patented Feb.24,II920. 'Apjplicationfiled September 10. 1919, Serial n); 322,973;

rig- .*sap1aa, nd 1 l a section onfthe line 4 4-, Fig. ,1.

Figs. 5 and'ti are respectively aside view and a plan illustrating "thea lic tio f planes to'the boat. I 1 H Figs/7 and8 are respectively aplanand a stern viewfshowmgthe'connection of two boats,. and iv V Fig 9. isa section on the line'9;9., Fig-f7- In these figures a indicates theinclined bottom and 7 b the sides of the boat,the said bottom having, as"shownfthe shape in'pl'an view of an isosceles'triangle, while thesides, which converge toward .the stern, where a rudder is fixed, are ofapproximately trifor the accommodation of a crew, and for ballast tanks,such as h, it.

Although under normal circumstances and at a given speed a boat thusconstructed would never wholly leave the water it would be possible,either by increasing the speed to the requisiteextent or by lighteningthe boat, for instance, by discharging ballast, for the boat to liftwholly OK the water and pass over a break-Water or other obstruction,and to facilitate such an operation the boat may be provided withplanes, say, as indicated at 2' Figs. 5 and 6 such planes, when notrequired, being taken down and stored in the boat. The boat may also beprovided with masts and rigging.

'Itis to be understood that by the term inclined plane I do not limitmyself to a plane which is rectilinear either longitudinally ortransversely as thesaid plane may have either a concave or convexcurvature in either or both of these directions.

If desired two or more boats constructed as hereinbefore described maybe connected together, as indicated, for example, in Figs. 7 to 9wherein Z0, is indicate the two boats united at the bow as at l andconnected together amidship and astern' by ties or braces m, n. 7 Alsothe floats of'hydro-planes can be constructed in the manner hereinbeforedescribed.

Claims: i v 1. A boat including a hull having a triangular shapedbottom, the bow end of which is formed by the base of the triangle andthe stern end of which is formed by the apex of said triangle, thebottom being I gradually inclined downwardly from bow to stern, and saidhull being balanced to cause substantially the front half of the hull toproject above the surface of the water on a which the boat floats. v

2. A boat of the kind defined by claim 1 having an aerial propellerarranged at its bow for causing the boat totravel'.

3. A boat of the kind defined by claim 1 having a water propeller atits'sternnormally occupying the water, and an i l Propeller at its bow,I

,4. A hydroplane comprising 1 11111 having a bottom which in plan is inthe shape of an isosceles triangle; thebow end-01"- the bottom beingformed by the base of the triangle and the stern end being formed bytheapex of said triangle, triangular shaped sides cooperating with thebottom to form the hull, and the bases of the triangular sidesv meetingat the stern of the boat,,said bottom water,'and an aerial propellerarranged at the bow;

5, A plurality of hulls of the kind defined in claim 1 having certainends of the bows connected together and braces connecting the sterns andspacing the sterns apart.

CHARLES ALFRED'JAMES.

